Steam locomotive admission and exhaust piston valves



T. J. HOY

STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUS T PISTON VALVES Filed Jan. 17, 1947 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 QMWQU G m MK mm sh R l l ll .V m Q% TL Q m i. L M N.

INVENTOR THEIMAE \JJ'IEIY ATTORNEY March 11, 1952 STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES Fi-led Jan. 17, 1947 T. J. HOY

7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. THCIMAEI J- HU Y.

ATTEIRNEY T. J. HOY

STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES Filed Jan. 17, 1947 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 T. J. HOY

March 11, 1952 STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 17, 1947 INVENTOR MAE: J. H

THE]

2 A I 4 W ATTORNEY 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 T. J. HOY

STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES Filed Jan. 17, 1947 March 11, 1952 THEIM,

March 11, 1952 T, J HQY 2,588,841

STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES Filed Jan. 17, 1947 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 M f y 1 is 31 51% Z 1 l; k 5 Qil i Y/ INVENTOR THEIMAEI J HEY.

ATTORNEY T. J. HOY

STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES Filed Jan. 17, 1947 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 Patented Mar. 11, 1952 STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ADMISSION AND EXHAUST PISTON VALVES Thomas J. Hoy, Newark, N. J.

Application January 17, 1947, Serial No. 722,731

1'2 Clail'ns.

Thisinvention relates to valves and valve gearv for steam locomotives, reciprocating steam engines and the like and more particularly to the admission of steam to and the exhaustion of steamfrom the power cylinder or cylinders thereof.

The present invention provides apparatus through which the rate of flow of steam to and the rate of flow of steam from the power cylinder or power cylinders of a steam locomotive, reciprocating steam engine orthe like is. controlled in relationship to each other at a predetermined rate.

The present invention also provides a reciprocating steam engine, locomotive or the like having separate admission and separate exhaust valves.

This invention further provides apparatus through whichv the volume of steam flowing to and the. volume of steam flowing from the power cylinder or power. cylinders of a steam locomotive, reciprocating steam engine or the like having separate admission and. separate exhaust valves is greatly increased.

The invention will be understood from thefollowing description when considered in. connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and in which:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of an admission piston valve for steam 1ocomotives, reciprocatingsteam engines and the like of the present invention.

Fig. 1A is an end View of the piston shown in Fig. 1 taken-from the right of Fig. 1.;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view of an exhaust piston valve for steam locomotives, reciprocating steam engines-and the like of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-3' of Figs. 4 and 5 through the valve' bushing ports and the cylinder'bushingport with the piston valve ends shown;

Figs. 4 and 5 are longitudinal sectional views of the exhaust and of the pistonvalves of Figs.

2 and 1 respectively showing the valves associated with a cylinder having a piston therein and taken on the lines 4-4 and 5-5'respectively of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is an elevational view on areduced scale taken on the line 56 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 3 taken on line 'l'i of Fig. 4 but with the valve and bushings removed from the'piston valvecylinders;

Fig. 8 shows a compound radius rod? drive for actuating the admission and exhaust valves;

' 2 Fig. 9 illustrates one type of valve gear, connected to the radius rod of Fig. 8 to operate the radius rod and for actuating the admission and exhaust valves.

Fig. 10 shows a modified valve crosshead drive;

Figs. 11 and 12 are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2 respectively but of another form of the invention, and

Figs. 13 and *14. are views similar to Figs. 11 and 12 respectively but of another form of the invention.

Like characters of reference refer to like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the reference charv acter l5 designates a housing having a live steam chest It in the upper part and at one side thereof and an exhaust steam chamber I! also in the upper part but on the opposite side thereoi. The steam chest [6 and chamber H are disposed above a cylinder [3 having a bushing I9 therein and are separated therefrom by a dividing wall 2;)

(Fig. 7) which, as shown, is anintegral' part of the housing". The chest [6, chamber I1 and cylinder I8 all extend longitudinally of the housing [5. The live steam chest [6 is in communication at one end thereof with the adjacent end of the cylinder I8 through a port 2| in the upper part of the bushing IQ of cylinder [8 (Fig.3), the.

port 2| in turn communicating with a circum:

, ferential groove 22 in the peripheral wall of the steam chest through a transverse passage 23 in the housing I5 (Fig. 2) and a plurality of ports 24 in a bushing 25, hereinafter describe'd, inthe steam chest. At the oposite end thereof, the

chest, I6 is in communication with cylinder 18 through a port 26 in the .upper part of the bushing [9 of cylinder 18, the port 26,. like the port 2| communicating with a vcircumferentialgroove 27 in the peripheral wall of the chest l5 through a passage 28 similar to the passage 2-3 and e plurality of ports 29 in a bushing '38 inthe steam chest. 8 The opposite ends of-the chest Hi-have circumferential offset .end'portions 3-6 and 31 respectively ofgreater diameter than the 'remainder of the-cylinder. -A- steam inlet passage 32 extends longitudinally within the peripheral wall of the chest 15 at the-upper part thereof and at opposite ends communicates withthe offset portions 39- and ill and centrally-thereof--communicates with a steaminletpipe 33. A'cen' trally :disposed steam distributing passage 34* (Fig: 5) extends circumfereirtially of-the steamv chest 16 in the peripheral wall thereof -and-is in communication with the interior of thechest at points-centrally'of the opposite ends of--the--chestthrough an inlet port 35 at the top of the chest and another inlet port 36 at the bottom of the chest.

The steam chest l6 has cylindrically-shaped bushings 25 and 38 secured therein at opposite ends thereof said bushings being spaced apart to form a space therebetween in the central portion 39 of the chest. The bushings 25 and 38 overhang the offset portions 36 and 3| respectively and have spaced inlet ports 48 and 4| in them respectively. The inlet ports 48 and 4| communicate respectively with the offset portion 38 and 3|.

Admission piston valves 42 and 43 slidably engage the inner periphery of the bushings 25 and 38 and are sealed against leakage by piston rings 44 and 45. The valves are fixedly mounted on a piston rod 46 and held in spaced relationship to one another by a sleeve 41; The valves 42 and 43 are cylindrioally-shaped and have a cylindricallyshaped passage 48 extending longitudinally therein. The passage 48 has a sleeve 49 therethrough which sleeve is of smaller diameter than the passage 46 and is held within the valve by webs 58 (Fig. 1A). The sleeve 49 is secured to valve stem 46 by nut The outer peripheries of the valves 42 and 43 are concave as shown at 52, Fig. 1, the concave surface extending longitudinally of the valve from closely adjacent one end to closely adjacent the opposite end thereof. The width of the piston valves is such that they will, during a cycle of their movement, overlap the ports 24 and 29 respectively to prevent steam from entering said ports and thereafter will respectively bring the ports 24 and 48 and 29 and 4| into communication through the concave portions 52 respectively of each of the valves while at the same time bringing the central portion 39 of the steam chest into communication with the passages 22 and 21 and with the ports 24 and 29. The spacing of the valves 42 and 43 on the stem 46 and the extent of the reciprocal movement of the stem is such that when the valve 42 overlaps the port 24 the valve 43 is so positioned that the ports 29 are in communication with the central portion 39 of the chest. Also, at this position, ports 29, groove 21, passage 28 and port 26 are in communication through the concave portion 52 of the valve 43 and when the valve 43 is so positioned as to overlap the port 29, the valve 42 is in such position that the ports 2|, passage 23, groove 22 and ports 24 are in communication through the concave portion 52 of valve 42 with the offset end portion 3| and also in communication with the central portion 39.

The exhaust chamber |1 (Fig. 4) is surrounded by a peripheral wall 54 the end portions of which wall are of lesser diameter than the central portion to thereby form opposite end portions 55 and 56 which are of lesser diameter than the central portion 51. The central portion 51 has an outlet port 58 through the side wall thereof while the end portion 55 and the end portion 56 have exhaust ports 59 and 68 respectively through said side wall. The exhaust ports 58, 59 and 69 each communicate with a separate exhaust outlet conduit 6| which outlet conduits terminate in a single conduit, not shown.

Cylindrically-shaped bushings 62 and 63 are secured in spaced relationship to one another in the exhaust chamber l1 adjacent opposite ends of the chamber. The bushings overhang into the central portion 51 of the chamber l1 and have a plurality of ports through the overhan ing portions, the bushing 62 having ports 53 therethrough while bushing 63 has ports 64 therethrough. The bushing 62 also has ports 65 extending therethrough and spaced from ports 53, the ports 65 being in communication with a circumferential groove 66 in the inner peripheral wall of the chamber I1 and transverse passage 28 which passage in turn communicates with exhaust port 61 through the bushing H! of cylinder l8 at the top thereof while ports 68 of bushing 63 are in communication with the circumferential groove 69 in the inner peripheral wall of the chamber H which groove communicates with forward exhaust port 18 in the bushing l9 of cylinder H3 at the upper part thereof through the transverse passage 23.

Exhaust piston valves 1| and 12 are slidably mounted for reciprocal movement in the bushings.62 and 63 in chamber H and are sealed against leakage by piston rings 13 and 14. The valves are fixedly mounted on piston rod 15 and held in spaced relationship to one another on the piston rod by a sleeve 16. These valves are cylindrically-shaped and the outer peripheries of the valves are concave, as shown at 11 and 11', Fig. 2, the concave surface extending longitudinally of the valve from closely adjacent one end thereof to closely adjacent the other end. The width of the piston valves is such that they will, during a cycle of their movement, overlap the ports 65 and 68 respectively, preventing steam from exhausting from the cylinder l8 through said ports and thereafter will respectively bring the ports 65 and 53 and 64 and 68 into communication through the concave portions 11 and 11. The spacing of the valves 1| and 12 on the stem 15 and the extent of the reciprocal movement of the stem is such that when the valve 1| overlaps the ports 65 and 63 the valve 12 is so positioned that the ports 68 communicate with the end zone 56 and also with the central portion 51 through the ports 68 and 64 and likewise when the valve 12 overlaps the ports 64 and 68 steam will exhaust from the cylinder |8 through the port 61, passage 28 and ports 65 into the end portion 55 and also into the central portion 51 through the ports 65, concave porion 11 and port 53.

The cylinder l8 has a piston 18 slidably mounted therein for reciprocal movement, piston 18 being sealed against leakage by piston rings 19. Piston 18 has a forward surface and a rearward surface 8| and is fixedly mounted on the piston rod 82.

In operation, the admission steam piston valves 42 and 43 and the exhaust piston valves 1| and 12 may be actuated by any well-known form of valve gear and reverse gear. The admission valves and exhaust valves are so actuated in relationship to one another that when steam is admitted to the cylinder at one end thereof, steam will be exhausted through the ports at the end of the cylinder opposite that at which the steam enters. For example, when the piston 18 is positioned at the extent of its movement to the right, admission valve 42 is in the position indicated in Fig. 1 so that steam from the steam conduit 33 will flow through inlet port 35 (Fig. 5) into central portion 39 thence through ports 24 and groove 22 into transverse passage 23 whence the steam passes through ports 2| and 18 in the bushing I9 in cylinder l8 into said cylinder. Steam from central portion 39 also flows into the cylinder through passages 48 into end portion 38,'

thence into ports 48 thereafter to flow through the concave passage 52 in the periphery of the 1 valve into and through the ports 24. From portsestates 8 steasi riews together with steam flowing int the senses-directly from-the central portime! as aforesaid -ihto thetransverse passage 23 th'en to thecyliride'r through ports 2! and 10. The steam flowsinto cylinder I 8 through said ports to move the piston 18 to-the left, Fig; -5. the piston movesto the Heft-admission pistonvalv la so p'ositioned as to overlap the ports 29 so 'tha-t-stea n 1 -iS--hot permitted to enter the ports 29} passage 28' and port 26 at the end of the cylinder l-8 opposite that at which-the port 2| is-posi-t'ionedi "Also, when thecylinder is at its extreme rig-ht hand-position the exhaust valves Hand i s-are so"positionedthat-the-valve l2 overlaps-the ports- 68 thereby preventing 1 the exhai'isting' jot steam-from the" cylinder through ports--ta,-passage :3 and pests-21am 1o,whi1e exhaust valve-H so positioned that ports 61 and 2-B are cemmun-ieanonwitn the end zone through transverse passage 28, groove 66 and ports" 65, whence the steam is exhaustedfrom said-'end-zofie 55 throughport 59. Steam from ports-31,26 andpassa'ge28 also passes from ports e5' thr'ough concave passage TI and ports 53 into clantrai zone 5! whence the steam is exhausted through outlet por-t 58. When the piston 18 reaches the extent of its movement to the left, dB-the adiiiissiohpis-tdh valves aremo'ved so that-valve 4-2 ovei1aps' ports preventing further steam from entering thecylinder [8, While exha'ust valve-12 is moved-to such position that the ports wand 2i are in communication through transverse passage 23 and ports 68 with the end portion 56 of the exhaust chamber and with the central portion 5;!- thereof through ports 64 and concave portion H intlie periphery of the valve. Steamfro'm end portion 55 and central portion 5'! isexhausted through outlet ports 63 and 58 respectively. At the same time, admission valve 43" is so moved'that it is positioned to permit steam from the steam conduit 33 to how from inlet'passage' 32 andport's 35 and 33' into central portion 39, then thr'oughrports 29- and groove 21 into transverse passage 2%? whence'it passes into the cylinder t 8 through ports 26 and 6'1. Steam also will flow through passage 32 into end or= tion 3 l', thence into ports 26 and 61 through'ports 4|, concave portion 52 and ports 29 whence it flows to ports 26 and 8'! with the steam from central portion 39' as aforesaid. Exhaust valve H will at this time overlap the ports 61 preventing steam from exhausting therethrou'gh into transverse passage 28 and port 61.

With the apparatus of the present invention, the-admission ports through which steam is admitted to the power cylinder and the exhaust port through which steam is exhausted from the power-cylinder maybe of diilerent sizes. Also the admission piston valves may he of the same or of difierent diameter than the exhaust piston valves. For example, in atypical installation the admission valves 42 and 43 may be 9" in diameter with a net circumference of 22". The port openings 24 or 29 would be'2%." and the openings 24 or 29 would have a total area of square inches. Valve'travel of the'valves 42 and 43 would be 4 and the valves would overlap ports 24 or 29 by when closing said ports. The exhaust valves TI and 12 may be of a diame-. ter of 9" and have a net circumference of 22' while port openings or 68 would bedlA with sionsand-size'saregiven byway of example are" not to he understood as limiting the inventionthereto.

In the embodiment of the invention disclosed in Figs. 11 and12, the admissionvalves 42 .(Fig. 1-1) and 43 and the exhaust valves H (Fig. 12) and 12 respectively control an additional port through which, in the case of admission valves, live steam passes to the cylinder l8 and, in the case of the exhaust valves, an additional port through which exhauststeam flows from the cylinden- As shown in Fig. 11, the piston 42, instead of havingaconcave portion 52 as shown in Fig. 1, has an elongated portion of lesser diameter than the outside diameter of the piston which portion extends longitudinally of the piston intermediate the opposite ends thereof to form a passage lfll Adjacent the forward end of the piston,- a port control section IE2 is secured to the pistonby welds I03 whichsection has a longitudinal passage I94 therethrough communieating with passage I 6|. The section I92 is spae'ed from the forwrd end of the piston to form an inlet passage l05which communicates :Wlth longitudinal passage 94 and ports 43 in the part of bushing 25 which overhangs end portion 30 of steam chest it. Ports 48' extend through the overhanging part of sleeve 25 at a point intermediate ports 24 and 43 and communicate with passage It'll and end portion 30.

Section 102 of valve 42- controls the ports 43'. The admission valve 43 in this embodiment of' the invention would be of a construction similar to that of valve 42'. In the operation of the ad- 1 mission valve 42 of Fig. 11, steam from the end portion 30 of the steam chest flows through ports 49,- inlet passage I05, longitudinal passages m4 and NH and ports as and passage it! to enter the cylinder it through ports 24, peripheral groove 22, transverse passage 23 and ports 2! and E9. The flow of steam into ports 43' is controlled by section IBZ while the flow of steam through ports as is controlled by the forward end section 42" of piston 42.

The exhaust piston valve 12, as shown in Fig. 12, instead of having a concave portion G! as shown in Fig. 2 has an elongatedportion I56 of lesser diameter than the outside diameter of the piston which portion extends longitudinally of the piston int'ermediatethe opposite ends thereof to rem a passage It'll; A port control section H18 =1 secured to the portion Hi5 adjacent the res; ward end ef the piston 5y webs N19. The see 161 1 108 has a passage H6 therethrough which pa sage communicateswith longitudinal pass age Ifll-T. The section 188' is spaced vfrom the rearwere end of the piston to form an outlet passage IH which communicates with passage H1 and ports fid in the part of bushing 53 which overhangs centra'l' portion 5'? of exhaust chamber- -Exhaust ports 64 extend through the overhanging part off the sleeve 63 at a point rn'edia-te ports 64 and 68 and'communifca'te wit -passage Hi? and central portion 57'. Sectitin'det of vane '72 controls ports 64". The

ch'nstriictioh of verve 1| of't hi's embodiment of the mention would be similar to-that of valve 12: In the operationof exhaust tame 12 or Fig. iii-steam from cylinder is exhausts through orts transit fin-the cylinder bushing I9 thence into t- 'nsve'rse' passage 23" whence it hows things pofts ii-fntd erid portion 56 oi the ex haust c ylinder andurlto cefitiiil portion 51 there of. The new teeenteel portion 513s from passage-'2 sthrodghpofts s'a, passage ierwh'enee apart of the steam exhausts through ports.84- into the central portion 51 of the exhaust cylinder while another part of the steam flows through passage I I in section I98 into passagaI I I thence through ports 64 into the central portion '5. The exhausting of steam through ports 64' is controlled by section I08 while the exhausting of steam through ports 64 is controlled by the rearward end of piston valve I2.

As shown in Figs. 11 and 12; .the exhaust 12 is of greater diameter than the admission piston valve 42 and the exhaust ports 64, 64' and 68 have a greater area than admission ports 24, 40' and 49.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 13 and 14, which is somewhat similar to the form shown in Figs. 11 and 12, the admission valves 42 (Fig. 13) and 43 and the exhaust valves II (Fig. 14) and 12 respectively control an additional port at the end of the valve opposite that on which the ports are positioned in the form of the invention disclosed in Figs. 11 and 12, and'through which, in t case of the admission valves, live steam pas es to cylinder I8 and, in the case of the exhaust valves, through which steam is exhausted from the cylinder.

As shown in Fig. 13, the admission piston valves 42 is somewhat similar to the piston 42 of Fig. 11 but has an additional elongated portion H2 of a lesser diameter than the outside diameter of the piston which extends from the inner end of the piston toward the interior of the steam chest I6. Elongated portion I99 has a port control section H3 secured to the portion H2 by webs H4 which section has a central passage H5 extending longitudinally therethrough. Section H3 is spaced from end H6 of the valve to form an outlet passage I I! which communicates with groove 22 through port 24. Port 24' in bushing 25, which is spaced inwardly toward the interior of steam chest, communicates with groove 22 through a pasage H8 and is controlled by section II3. The operation of admission valve 42 of Fig. 13 is similar to that shown in Fig. 11 except that when the valve is open steam also flows from the interior of the steam chest through port 24', passage H8 and passages H5, H7 and port 24 into peripheral groove 22 whence it passes to transverse passage 23 into cylinder I8 through ports PM and '59.

Exhaust piston valve 12, as shown in Fig. 14, is somewhat similar to the exhaust valve shown in Fig. 12 but has an elongated portion H9 projecting outwardly therefrom at the end thereof which is adjacent port 68. Portion H9 is of a diameter less than the outside diameter of the valve and has a port control section I29 secured thereto by webs I2I. Section I29 has a central passage I22 extending longitudinally therethrough which is in communication with port 68 through passage I23 adjacent the end of the valve. Port I24, spaced outwardly from port 68 and groove 69, is in communication with groove 69 through passage I25 and is controlled by section I29. The operation of exhaust valve 12 of Fig. 14 is similar to valve I2 of Fig. 12 except that when the valve 12 of Fig. 14 is in an open position steam from piston l8 exhausting through groove 69 also flows through passage I25 and port I24 into section 59 and from port 68 also flows through passages I23 and I22 into section 56 of exhaust chamber I1 whence it passes outwardly thereof through exhaust port 60.

As shown in Fig. 4, valve gear is connected to to the exhaust piston valve rod 15 through crosshead 84 having an opening which receives apinj 85 is a;

I lever pin 89 which also passes through the opening in cross head 84. With such an arrangement,- both the exhaust and admission valves have the same amount of travel and may be associated with' any well-known single action valve gear.

The admission and exhaust valves may be op- K erated from valve gear including a Walschaert link 89, as shown in Fig. 9, which includes a link;

block 90, reverse shaft 9| together with reverse arm 92 and a lifting rod 93 and eccentric rod 94. These parts transmit movement from a locomotive crank pin and reverse gear, not shown, and

operate radious rod 86 (Figs. 8 and 9) which is connected to the admission valve actuating mechanism as hereinbefore described and also actuates the exhaust valves II and I2 through the radius rod 95 (Fig. 8) which is slidably mounted on the bearing member 96 of the rod 86 and held in position by pin 91.

A further form of valve gear may be used in which the individual crossheads are on individual guides, as shown in Fig. 10, the admission valves 42 and 43 being driven from radius rod 86 and 95 through two duplicate combination lever assemblies. The exhaust piston valves II and 12, as shown in Fig. 10, is driven by valve gear radius rod 95. This rod is flexibly attached to radius rod 88 and movable on hearing member 96, as shown in Fig. 8. Rod 95 drives valves II and I2 through a combination lever assembly positioned on and driven from the inside or front end of a locomotive cross head, not shown. The exhaust valve combination lever short arm may be longer than the admission valve combination lever short arm. This will provide a longer period of exhaust port opening, a later release and later compres-' sion at the running cut-off positions of the reverse I lever.

While the various valve constructions of the present invention have been shown and described as controlling the flow of steam into and the flow of steam exhausted'from the power cylinder of: a steam locomotive, reciprocating steam engine or the like; it will be understood that saidvalves may be usedfor controlling the flow of a fluid in general.

' Changes may be made in the form, location and arrangement of the several parts of the appara-' tus disclosed without departing from the DI'iHCi":

ples of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be limited excepting by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a reciprocal steam engine, locomotive or the like having a cylinder with a piston positioned in the cylinder for reciprocal movement,

means providing separate steam admission and steam exhaust chambers, said admission and. exhaust chambers having an end chamber por-- tion adjacent each end thereof and 'an inter-.

mediate chamber portion intermediate said end portions, each of said separate chambers having a plurality of ports in communication with the cylinder, said ports respectively being positioned in spaced relationship with the opposite ends of said chambers and so as to communicate withsaid intermediate chamber portions and the end h mb r port o adjac nt Said, po s t e nt m d at ort o an ea h o hesi am e mission chamber being in communication with a sour o eam and he in ermedia e p -ion an eac e d po tion o the exh ust cham e being i ommi oa on. with team exhanstad oi o ton a es oper b e n t e team admi s on chambe one of said valve e n a soc ate with the ports of the admiss on chamber at on end of said piston stroke and another of said,

valves being associated with the ports Of the hi mission chamber at the opposite end thereois as to control the admission of steam. fr m. a intermediate and end portions of the admissio chamber, and exhaust piston valves operable in the steam exhaust chamber, one of said valves being associated with theportsof the exhaust chamber at one end of said piston stroke and another of said valves'heing associated with the ports of the exhaust char-aberfiat. theopposite ends thereof so as to. control the exhaustion ,of steam from said intermediate and end portionslof the exhau t chamber intothe cyl nder.

2. In a reci rocal steam en ne, locomotive-or tioned in the cylinder for reciprocalmonement, means providing separate steam admission arid steam exhaust. chambers, said admission and exhaust .chambersihaving an, .end ,chamberoportion adiacent eachliend thereof and an intermediate chamber. portion intermediate saidend portions. each/of said separateschambers having a plurality of ports in communicationwithi the cylinder, said nortsirespectively heingpositioned in spaced relationship with the opposite .endslof said chambers and so .as to communicate with said intermediate chamber portion and the .end chamber port on adjacent said ports, the intermediate portion .and each end of the steam admission chamber being in commun cation with a source .of steam and the intermediate portion and each end portion of the exhaust chamber being in communication with a steam exhaust, each end of the stroke .of said piston, admi sion piston valves operable in the steam admis ion hamber, oneof said valves being associated with the ports of the admissionchamber at one .end

of said piston stroke and another of said valves bein ssociated with the por s f the adm sio chamber at the opposite nd thereo .exhanst -l..

piston valves operab in he s am exhaus chamber, oneofsaid valves being associated with the ports of the exhaust chamber at one end of said piston stroke and another of said valves being associated with the ports of th exhaust chamber at the opposite end thereof, valve aetu ating means associated with the admission piston valve, and other valve actuating means associated with the exhaust piston valve, said actuating means reciprocating the admission valves to open and close the ports with which said valves are tro eo th pi tont oueh a o t, positioned in spaced relationship. with said one end of the chamber and so to communicate, with said inte mediate andv end chamber portions, the intermediate chamber portion and the end of the s am m ssi n-c mb r bein n ee i u'nioationwith a source of steam and the intermediate chamber portion and the, endv chamber portion of theexhaust chamber being in communication with a steam exhaust, an admission piston valve operable in the steam admission chamber, an exhaust piston valve operable. in the exhaust steam chamber, said valves respectively being adapted, to control the passa e of. steam from the end chamber portion adjacent the admission valve and the intermediate chamber portion of the admission ,charnberto the cylinder and the Pa s ge o steam rom t e nde to the en the like having .a cylinder with a piston. pom-s2 paced ,apart andi from the opp site adjacent the opposite jextre nitiesof the pi on associated with 2th eentral chamber portion each chamber portion adjacent the. exhaust valve and the intermediate chamber portionof the exhaust chamber, and valve actuating meanscooperating with th va ves and operabl y said i ton, th valve act at n mea s. eing o constructed a arranged as to move the valves into an open position to permit communication or into a closed position to prevent communication between their respective chambers and he cylinder during a relatively short distance of the total travel of the p ston between s id extr m es 4 In a reciproca t m e i e o mot v o th ik havin ac linder w th a piston positione in the c linder vfor'reo 111%,1 ov ment, meahspr v d ne s pa a s e m m s ion an steam, exhaust chambers said admission and e aus cham rs av n a en ham e ro tion adjacent each end thereof and an intermediate oh inber portion i ermedi te sa e portions, h t ihadmiss. cha ber havin t a o let ports, said o t et or s. comm nie n w ihtihe evliosleriadiaoehi op osi tremities or th v hu of said piston st reassessteases ar outlet hart-at the one associated with the elationsh to th outlet o t sai alve 12 he endsof he c amber .s ded ham e 'p r iors a ent al chamber r ionib iniie stroke thron hg x aust p s an erhe stv .v

itle ioor a on and pis n s oke ,s with t out et rortfat he h os teiehd pi ton strok and means o eoirroea he valve into aolosed and ht 'anonea in relationship to t ee ahs nori sa y Yes be n pa e aparta i romth opoositfehds o th chambe theemohamter p., e1haa,n

outl t, the ar as el e fibeii cl s rhe' xnaa t no t whenroo i.

having a steam to cylinder'of a reciprocal steam engine, locomotive or the like having a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, the valve apparatus comprising a cylin- V drical chamber having a peripheral wall with a longitudinal passage therein communicating with opposite end portions of the chamber, steam inlet means in communication with said passage and with the chamber intermediate the opposite ends thereof, the cylinder having steam outlet ports, said outlet ports communicating with the cylinder adjacent opposite extremities of the stroke of said piston, a piston valve rod arranged for reciprocal movement in the chamber, bushing means in said chamber adjacent opposite ends thereof and having longitudinally spaced ports therethrough one of said ports being in communication with a steam outlet port and the central portion of the chamber and another of saidports being in communication with an end portionof the chamber, cylindrically-shaped admission-valves mounted in spaced relationship to -loneanother on the-piston valverod to move .therewithand respectively slidably engage one of .said bushings in a fluid-tight manner, the valves havingdaconcave peripheral portion, said pe- -ripheral portion being of such length that when ethe, valves are in their closed position the concave portionloverlaps said one of the spaced ports only and when the valves are in their open position said one port isin communication with ,-.the,.intermediate portion of the chamber and .with said other port ofthe longitudinally spaced ports through said concave peripheral portion of .the valve. so that steam will flow from the end portions and from said intermediate portions of athe chamber to said outlet ports.

Valveapparatus for admitting steam to the cylinderof a reciprocal-steam engine, locomotive or the likehaving a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, the valve apparatus comprising a cylindrical chamber having a peripheral wall with a longitudinal passage therein communicating with ,.opposite end portions of the chamber, steam inlet means in communication with said passage and with the chamber intermediate the opposite ends thereof, the cylinder having steam outlet ports, said outlet ports communicating with the cylinder adjacent opposite extremities of the ,strokerof said piston, a piston valve rod arranged ior reciprocal movement in the chamber, bushing means in said chamber adjacent opposite ends thereof and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced ports ,therethrough, one of said spaced ,ports being in communication with a steam outlet port and the central portion of the chamber and .at least two other of said longitudinally spaced .ports being in communication with an end portion of the chamber, cylindrically-shaped admission valves mounted in spaced relationship to one anotheron the piston valve rod to move there- -withand respectively slidably engage one of said bushings in a fluid-tight manner, the valves having passages so arranged that when the valves are inclosed position the valves overlap said one of the spaced ports and the passages are out of communication with the outlet ports and when thevalves are in their open position said one port is in communication with the intermediate portion of the chamber and with said other ports of the longitudinally spacedports through said valve passages so that steam will flow from the end portions and from said intermediate portion of the chamber to said outlet ports.

i =7. Valve apparatus,for'exhausting. steam from the cylinder of a reciprocal steam engine, locoiiiotiv or the like having a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, said valve apparatus comprising a chamber having opposite end portions, a central portion, and steam inlet ports communicating with the cylinder adjacent opposite extremities of the stroke of said piston, the end portions and the central portion each having a separate steam outlet, 9. piston valve rod arranged for reciprocal movement in the chamber, bushing means in said chamber having o posite end portions, a central ing longitudinally spaced ports therethrough, one of said ports being in communication with one of the inlet ports and with an end portion of the chamber and another port being in communication with said central portion of the chamber, cylindrically-shaped exhaust valves mounted in spaced relationship to one another on the piston valve rod and in spaced relationship to the opposite end portions to move therewith and respectively slidably engage one of said bushings in a fluid-tight manner, the valves having a concave peripheral portion, said peripheral portion being of such length that when the valves are in their closed position the concave portion overlaps said one of 'thespaced ports only and when the valves are in their open position said one port is in communication with one of the end portions of the chamber and with said other port of the longitudinally shaped ports through said concave peripheralportion of the valve so that steam will flow into the end portions and intermediate portion ofthe chamber from the inlet ports.

8. Valve apparatus for exhausting steam from the cylinder of a reciprocal steam engine, 1600- motive or the like having a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, said valve apparatus comprising a chamber having opposite end portions, a central ortion, and steam inlet ports communicating with the cylinder adjacent opposite extremities of the stroke of said piston, a piston valve rod arranged for reciprocal movement in the chamber,

bushing means in said chamber adjacent opposite ends thereof and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced ports, one of said spaced ports being in communication with a steam inlet port and an end portion of the chamber and at least two other of said longitudinally spaced ports being in communication with said central portion of the chamber, cylindrically-shaped exhaust valves mounted in spaced relationship 'to one another on the piston valve rod to move therewith and respectively slidably engage one of said bushings in a fluid-tight manner, the valves having passages so arranged that when the valves are in closed position the valve overlaps said one of the spaced ports and the passages are out of communication with the inlet ports and when the valves are in their open position said one port is in communication with an end portion of the chamber and with the other ports of the longitudinally spaced ports through said valve passages so that steam will flow from the inlet ports into'th'e end portions and central portion of the exhaust chamber.

9. Valve apparatus for admitting steam to the cylinder of a reciprocal steam engine, locomotive or the like having a reciprocating piston in said 7 cylinder, the valve apparatus comprising a cylindrical chamber having a peripheral wall with a longitudinal passage therein communicating with opposite end portions of the chamber, steam inlet means in communication with said passage and with the chamber intermediate the opposite ends thereof, the cylinder having steam outlet ports, said outlet ports communicating with the cylinder adjacent opposite extremities of the stroke ,of said piston, a piston valve rod arranged for reciprocal movement in the chamber, bushing means in said chamber adjacent opposite ends thereof and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced ports therethrough, an intermediate port of said spaced ports being in communication with a steani outlet port and with the central portion of the chamber through at least one of said spaced ports at the side thereof adjacent the central portion of the chamber and at least two other of the longitudinally spaced ports at the side of the intermediate port adjacent an end portion of the chamber being in communication with said end portion of the chamber, cylindrically-shaped admission valves mounted in spaced relationship to one another on the piston valve rod to move therewith and respectively slidably engage one of said bushings in a fluid-tight manner, the valves having passages so arranged that when the valves are in closed position a portion of the valves overlap said intermediate port and said at least one port and the passages are out of communication with said outlet port and when the valves are in their open position the intermediate port is in communication with the intermediate portion of the chamber through said at least one port and through a passage in the valve and with said other ports of the longitudinally spaced ports through said valve passages so that steam will flow from the end portions and from said intermediate portion of the chamber to said outlet ports.

10. Valve apparatus for exhausing steam from the cylinder of a reciprocal steam engine, locomotive or the like having a reciprocating piston in said cylinder, said valve apparatus comprising a chamber having opposite end portions, a central portion, and steam inlet ports communicating with the cylinder adjacent opposite eX tremities of the stroke of said piston, a pisten valve rod arranged for reciprocal movement in the chamber, bushing means in said chamber adjacent opposite ends thereof and having a plurality of longitudinally spaced ports, an in; termediate port of said spaced ports being in communication with a steam inlet port and with an end portion of the chamber through at least one of said spaced ports at the side thereof adjacent said end portion of the chamber and at least two other of the longitudinally spaced ports at the side of the intermediate port adjacent the central portion of the chamber being in communication with said central portion, cylindrically-shaped exhaust valves mounted in spaced relationship to one another on the piston valve rod to move therewith and respectively slidably engage one of said bushings in a fiuidtight manner, the valves having passages so arranged that when the valves are in closed position a portion of the valves overlap said intermediate port and said at least one port and the passages are out of communication with said inlet port and when the valves are in their open position the intermediate port is in communication with the end portions of the chamber through said at least one port and through a passage in the valve and with the other ports of the longitudinally spaced ports through said valve passages so that steam will flow from the inlet ports into the end portions and central portion of the exhaust chamber.

11. A piston valve for bringing a port into communication with at least two other ports at one side of the first-mentioned port, said valve comprising a cylindrically-shaped body member, means for reciprocating said body'member, the body member being of a length to extend from a point substantially centrally of the first-mentioned port to a point slightly beyond the one of said at least two other ports furthest removed from said one port when the valve is in opened position, said body member having a central passage forming portion of lesser diameter than the outside diameter of the valve and communicating with the first-mentioned port and said furthest removed port when the valve is opened, and a port closing member movable with said valve and so positioned as to control a port intermediate the first-mentioned port and said furthest removed port so that the intermediate port is in communication'with the passage forming portion when the valve is in opened position and is closed from communication with said passage portion when the valve is closed.

12.A piston valve for bringing an intermediate port into communication with ports on opposite sides thereof, at least two ports being on one side of the intermediate port and at least another port being on the opposite side of the intermediate port, the at least two ports being in communication with one another through an uncontrolled passage and the intermediate port being in communication with said at least one port through another uncontrolled passage, said valve comprising a cylindrically-shaped body member, means for reciprocating said body member, the body member being of a length to extend from a point just beyond the one of said two ports furthest from the intermediate port to a point at the side of said at least one port nearest the intermediate port when the valve is in opened position, and port control sections positioned on the body member to control said at least one port and the port of said at least two ports intermediate the intermediate port and said furthest port, the body member also having controlled passages therein, one of said passages being in communication with the intermediate port and said at least two ports and the other of said passages being in communication with the intermediate port and the end of the valve adjacent said at least one port, the port control sections being movable with the valve and so arranged that the ports controlled therby are opened so that the intermediate port isin communication with said passages and the ports and said end of said valve when the valve is in an opened position and are closed by said, sections when the valve is in closed position.

THOMAS J.=; HOY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS France Jan. 6, 1906 

